High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) oxygen therapy comprises an air/oxygen food blender, an active humidifier, a single heated up circuit, and a sinus cannula. This delivers adequately heated and humidified medical gas at up to 60 L/min of movement and is considered to have a number of physiological results which include: reduction of physiological dead space, PEEP result, constant fraction of inspired oxygen, and humidification. HFNC can also be used in hypercapnic/ hypoxemic respiratory failure, post extubation, pre intubationm acute cardiovascular failure, stop snoring.
HFNC has been gaining attention because an innovative breathing support pertaining to critically ill adult people. High flow sinus cannula is also gaining impetus because it incredibly simple to setup and machines are readily available. HFNC equipment require is: flow inmiscuirse, air-oxygen mixer, heated inspiratory circuit, active humidifier and nasal cannula because of the appropriate humidification and high flow HFNC washes out washes away carbon dioxide in anatomical deceased space. As tidal amount does not change while a patient is applying HFNC and respiratory level is decreased, minute venting is lower. It is also assumed that alveolar ventilation, along with PaCO2, is usually constant. This kind of evidence take into account there being much less dead space. HFNC is definitely an open system, high flow from the nasal cannula works against some of the resistance of expiratory flow and increases respiratory tract pressure therefore causing enhance PEEP.
Hypercapnic respiratory failure can be described as frequently problem seen in patients in the er or ICU. Patients with this condition present a significant challenge to respiratory system and essential care services, because mechanised ventilation really wants to be avoided for these type of patients. Usually the first type of defense for people patient is non intrusive ventilation (NIV). Poor cover up tolerance is the main problem with NIV. Some studies have shown effective use of HFNC oxygen remedy to manage the hypercapnic respiratory system failure of any patient not able to tolerate conventional NIV.
HFNC may also be used for pre intubation process. Before tracheal intubation we must enhance oxygenation, this can be created by using a low rebreathing face mask. It is when the mask must be removed during laryngoscopy process, the patient can be deprived of oxygen. Since nasal cannulas do not hinder the laryngoscopy procedure HFNC could be utilized to deliver oxygen during the apneic period of intubation. Obstructive stop snoring upper throat collapse that could cause hypoxia, neurological disorder, and can increase cardiovascular morbidity The traditional treatment of sleep apnea is definitely CPAP.
While CPAP is the most powerful treatment sufferer compliance can be suboptimal and a large number of patients are left untreated. HFNC delivery to get OSA relieved upper throat obstruction in both children and adults. OSA is also common among acute stroke patients and is associated with a decline in neurological function. Although CPAP is effective in treating sleep disordered breathing, with stroke patients, it is often deserted due sufferer discomfort. It is often reported that HFNC was well suffered and lowered the apnea and the fresh air desaturation, and increase of higher quality of sleep was reported.
