Technology is a crucial aspect in all civilizations, and depending on the viewpoint looked at the opinions vary greatly. Especially when comparing views of reduce class and upper class people, or sexuality. During the early first centuries of the Ryan Dynasty and Roman Disposition there were a lot of mixed feelings toward technology. Depending on whose judgment you read the answer could vary between negative and positive outlooks. Most thoughts seemed to have been completely based from the following categories, practicality, citizen’s use, and beauty.
Opinions various depending on the main concern of the actual of watch and the school they belonged to. When viewpoints were weighed on functionality their main concern was the efficiency from the technology and if it was user friendly. One Han government official wrote to local representatives in the early second 100 years (B. C. E) regarding flood reduction (doc. 1). His thoughts and opinions was learned because getting of an prestige and becoming a government recognized meant having been well educated, and in addition his judgment was of any situation he witnessed and he had evidence of support his thoughts.
His opinion was unbiased and trustworthy because his worries were not to get himself nevertheless for all the people today belonging to the civilization. This is proven if he states more organization is needed in order to stay in the loop for of issues that affect everybody of the empire. He experienced technology was advanced enough to prevent flooding more efficiently although there would have to be a greater work into developing a greater number of normal water conservation offices in every single district. General he did not believe that technology was inadequate but the corporation of the utilization of technology was.
Huan Bronze, an upper-class philosopher in about twenty C. E also recently had an opinion considering on practicality (doc. 3). Being a philosopher you can believe he was learned and therefore his opinion is educated. Huan’s point of view was based on usefulness because he had a positive judgment on technology due to the effectiveness and effectiveness of equipment and the fast progression from it. He shows the technology is effective by stating facts like this the pestle and the mortar were modified and were created capable of allowing the weight with the whole body to become used. Seeing that Huan included these sorts of facts it displays he’s learned in the area of technology.
Overall Huan Tan had a very positive outlook upon technology, feeling that it evolved at a steady pace. The original source History of the Early Han Empire was a govt sponsored origin that comes from the period of about two hundred C. Elizabeth. (doc. 4). This view is evidently biased and untrustworthy mainly because its federal government sponsored and therefore was written to support the us government and generate it appear successful. This is proven if the governor of Nanyang, Tu Shui is made to look good by the statement that he superior technology because he loved his people a whole lot he wanted to make lifestyle easy as it can be for them.
Though this point of view can be untrustworthy it really is still weighed on usefulness due to the supposed concern of the efficiency and having technology be effective without having to carry out much function. The last opinion formed by simply practicality was one of a Seneca top “classman thinker and advisor to Chief Nero (doc. 7). This point of view again is definitely someone of any higher course with more funds and therefore does not rely on technology as much as an individual of a lower class. His opinion of technology was negative; he believed tools were made by unintelligent men.
His opinion was based off from practicality and was confirmed by his statement that recent innovations were not simply inefficient although also had been useless. This individual felt inventors no longer, regardless of how intelligent, would not think outside the box and only tackled gentle issues that were not of large matter. Overall this individual felt increased issues would have to be taken in by people of equally intelligence and creativity. Various other opinions seemed to have the majority of concern with citizen’s use. Once weighing about this, the point of view was most troubled by the knowledge of who utilized the technology or the convenience of the usage of the technology.
A federal government official by name in the event Huan Guan has a bad outlook about technology primarily based off of citizen’s use (doc. 2). This perspective is definitely from an educated upper class gentleman who as a result does not carry out much manual labour. Foundry operate and salt boiling had been at one time in order to be done by workers given that they used two conditions, they must report these people were doing so plus they had to spend a taxes. During the earlier time the tools that were i did so these jobs were made by simply families and were successful and high quality.
Later on the state forced residents to only utilize iron equipment manufactured by these people, which were non-functional. This is generally known as convict labor, and in accomplishing this they also monopolized the salt and iron deals. This issue angered Huan Guan because this induced the salt and iron prices to rise to make it and so lower course citizens could hardly afford to acquire either. Huan felt technology was being destabilized by the authorities and that so that it is more difficult for families to keep their businesses was not proper.
Another thoughts and opinions based from citizen’s employ was certainly one of a Cicero upper-class Roman political innovator of the first century (B. C. At the. ). This opinion comes from an prestige man who not go handy-work and so cannot state and accurate opinion in technology. He believed there were a fine series between the difference of a “gentleman and a male. He felt certain careers were deteriorating to guys, such as manual labor or “handy work. This individual states, “Vulgar and unbecoming to a guy are all the roles hired staff take on¦ (doc. 5).
He feels the work they certainly is paid out by the labor they do but not the skill of their operate. In conclusion this individual doesn’t discover any importance in the area of technology, also this individual doesn’t necessarily include a negative neither positive thoughts and opinions he simply doesn’t benefit it, they would cares even more about his status. The last source considered on citizen’s use is one from Frontinus, a Roman general, chief excutive of Britain and water commissioner for the city of Ancient rome (doc. 8). His opinion is prejudiced because he is governor of Britain and therefore seems his civilization is the most advanced and provides the greatest technology because he is in charge of it.
This is shown if he says that Roman technology exceeds any other including the Egyptian’s plus the Greeks. Frontinus feels the fact that works of people two civilizations are useless, he claims, “Compare this kind of numerous and indispensible set ups carrying so much water together with the idle pyramids, or the pointless but renowned works of the Greeks. He feels only Roman technology features both the beauty aspect although still staying efficient. He feels his technology is really successful as the aqueducts had been so effective they managed to get possible for people of any class to have an abundance of water, which in turn proves his opinion was based on citizen’s use.
Finally, some views were made by beauty of technology. Simply this is when the idea of view is affirmed by the overall look rather than the efficiency or usefulness of the technology. Plutarch, a Greek-born Roman citizen and high official of the second century identifies Gaius Gracchus a Both roman political leader of the first century’s opinion on technology (doc. 6). This supply is hard to rely on because it is not really a primary source and therefore is usually not as dependable because the opinion could have been a bit altered by simply misinterpretation or perhaps on purpose.
The major concern in respect to this source, of Gaius Gracchus was the appearance of everything and not the usefulness from it; he wanted everything to become pleasing to the eye. Every roads had been straight; both sides of links had to be “equal and seite an seite height with all the result the fact that road for its entire program had a level and beautiful appearance. (doc. 6). Overall the look was the finest factor in regards to Gaius Gracchus. Again as all the other documents the point of view belonged to an upper-class male, we have no opinions from a female or someone of a reduce class.
Of all the documents the purpose of watch missing in order to truly decipher the overall attitudes towards Ryan and Both roman technology is definitely the opinion of your lower school person for example a peasant. All of the documents range from perspective of the upper-class male. Therefore the best attitude toward the technology of Han and Ancient rome cannot be established. Each documents perspective diverse depending on how they made their particular opinion, if it was measured on usefulness, citizen’s use, or splendor.
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